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School of Criminology
10128 Arts and Social Sciences Complex, 778.782.4762/3213 Tel, 778.782.4140 Fax, yanciw@sfu.ca, crimgrad@sfu.ca,
Director
R.M. Gordon BA (La Trobe), MA (S Fraser), PhD (Br Col)
Graduate Program Director
N.T. Boyd BA (WOnt), LLB, LLM (Law Soc Upper Canada)
Faculty and Areas of Research
See “School of Criminology” on page 99 for a complete list of faculty.
G.S. Anderson – forensic, medical and veterinary entomology
M.A. Andresen – spatial crime analysis, geography of crime, environmental criminology, applied spatial statistics and geographical information analysis, (critical) quantitative methods
E. Beauregard – decision-making, offending process, modus operandi, situational approach to crime, sex offending, homicide, criminal profiling, psychology of criminal investigation, clinical criminology, typologies
L.S. Bell – forensic spectometry, human regionalism, remote sensing and detection, physical anthropology, international crimes and genocide
M. Bouchard – illegal drug markets, criminological theory, criminal careers, criminal failure and criminal achievement, criminal innovations, crime trends, police effectiveness, estimating the size of criminal populations
E.O. Boyanowsky – community standards and the law, environment, emotion and behavior, media and crime, group behavior, police, gangs and juries
N.T. Boyd – critical analysis of Canadian criminal law, homicide, Canadian narcotics legislation, legal control of pornography
P.J. Brantingham – environmental and historical criminology
P.L. Brantingham – environmental criminology, crime prevention through environmental design, criminal justice planning, policy evaluations
J. Brockman – self regulation, crimes and misconduct in the professions, white collar and corporate crime, financial crimes, criminal procedure and evidence, the use of social science research as evidence in court, feminist jurisprudence, methodology and perspectives, women in the professions
B. Burtch – penology, corrections, sociology of law, social control, reproduction and law, state theory, electronic monitoring of offenders
B. Cartwright – criminological theory, sociology of deviance, school violence, qualitative research methods, cyber-research
R.R. Corrado – comparative juvenile justice, terrorism, evaluation research, administration of justice in Canada
G.J. Davies – statistical analysis, political terrorism, communities and crime
E. Elliott – social philosophy of punishment and abolitionism, critical analysis of the prison, women in prison, fear of crime
S. Fabian – criminal harassment, intimate partner violence, research methods, policy analysis, academic dishonesty
W.G. Glackman – research methodology, multivariate statistical techniques, forensic psychology, perceptions of crime
R.M. Gordon – adult guardianship/protection law, abuse and neglect of the elderly, health law including mental health law, young offenders and youth justice, gangs and related groups, restorative justice
C.T. Griffiths – policing, Native American criminality, delinquency and involvement in the criminal justice system, delivery of criminal justice services in the North, cross cultural studies in juvenile justice
M.A. Jackson – criminal justice administration and planning, judicial attitudes and sentencing behaviour, corrections (including alternatives to incarceration), law enforcement management, psychiatric decision-making, elderly, native, and female offenders, restorative justice
B. Kinney – court sentencing patterns, data interoperability in criminal justice databases
J. Lowman – prostitution, prostitution law and law enforcement, sociology of punishment, critical theory, research ethics
P. Lussier – criminological theory, developmental life-course criminology, interpersonal violence, sexual offending, prediction and classification, risk assessment, quantitative research methods
D. MacAlister – criminal law, criminal procedure and evidence, civil liberties, sentencing theory, restorative justice, policing and police powers, criminal justice accountability, wrongful conviction, legal responses to terrorism, mental health law, jurisprudence
N.A. Madu – correctional counseling, ethical dimensions and issues for helping professionals, rights of persons with developmental disabilities, effective communication and wellness, Zen and the art of helping, application and process of therapeutic theory, multiple dimensions of human potential
B. Morrison – social regulation, civil society, self-interest and interdependence, compliance and deviance, reason, emotion and behavior, restorative justice, particularly in the context of schools and education
J.A. Osborne – criminal law and procedure, human rights and civil liberties, administration of criminal justice, juvenile justice
T.S. Palys – research methodology, evaluation and assessment, decision-making, philosophy of science/sociology of knowledge
S.N. Verdun-Jones – criminal law, procedure and evidence, comparative criminal law and procedure, jurisprudence, sociology of law, interdisciplinary criminal justice research, history of criminal justice
J.S. Wong – policy analysis, program evaluation, cost-benefit analysis, meta analysis
Associate Members
For areas of research, refer to the department listed.
S. Duguid, Department of Humanities
J. Whatley, Continuing Studies
C. Yerbury, Continuing Studies
The graduate programs lead to MA and PhD degrees in criminology, and MA in applied legal studies (notaries).
The graduate programs concentrate on advanced academic study and have a strong research emphasis. The broad goal is to prepare students for careers in teaching criminology, in criminological research and in policy-making in criminal justice.
The graduate programs’ emphasis fosters a spirit of inquiry and creative endeavor among the students, to develop critical and analytical capabilities, and training in various criminological research techniques.
Centre for Restorative Justice
See “Centre for Restorative Justice” on page 464.
Criminology Research Centre
See “Criminology Research Centre” on page 466.
Feminist Institute for Studies on Law and Society
See “Feminist Institute for Studies on Law and Society” on page 466.
Institute for Studies in Criminal Justice Policy
See “Institute for Studies in Criminal Justice Policy” on page 467.
Admission Requirements
Students holding a baccalaureate or equivalent from a recognized institution must meet the admission requirements for graduate studies. See “1.3.2 Admission to a Graduate Diploma Program” on page 219 and also see “1.3.8 Conditional Admission” on page 220.
Normally, an applicant should have completed at least one course in social science research methods and one undergraduate introductory course in statistics.
Official transcripts and a short statement of interest, which includes a description of previous employment and research or other relevant work, is required. Letters of recommendation from those who are familiar with their work are required.
An application fee of $75 (Canadian) is paid online by charge card at time of application submission.
The deadline for receipt of the online application and supporting documents, for entrance commencing in the fall term, is February 1. Applicants are informed of the outcome as soon as possible thereafter.
Degree Requirements
The school offers MA degrees through two research options: a thesis option, and a course work, practicum and project option. Students elect which option to pursue in consultation with their senior supervisor.
Thesis Option
This option requires
• completion of a minimum of 18 units of course work as specified below, and
• satisfactory completion and oral defence of an original MA thesis
The course work requirement includes
CRIM 800-3 Theories of Crime
CRIM 840-3 Proseminar
CRIM 860-3 Research Methods I
and one of
CRIM 861-3 Research Methods II
CRIM 862-3 Research Methods III
CRIM 863-3 Research Methods IV
plus at least six units selected from additional graduate curriculum course offerings.
The thesis will not normally be more than 100 pages in length, including bibliography and footnotes, but exclusive of appendices.
Course, Practicum and Project Option
This option requires
• completion of a minimum of 21 units of course work as specified below, and
• satisfactory completion of a supervised field practicum, and
• satisfactory completion of a practicum related research project.
The course work requirement includes
CRIM 800-3 Theories of Crime
CRIM 810-3 The Phenomena of Crime I
CRIM 840-3 Proseminar
CRIM 860-3 Research Methods I
CRIM 869-3 Professionalism and Criminal Justice
plus as least six units selected from additional graduate curriculum course offerings.
The practicum is met by satisfactory completion of a supervised one-term field placement in a criminal justice related agency. The practicum requires a paper that is related to the field placement, and this report is not normally more than 50 pages in length, including bibliography and footnotes, but exclusive of appendices. The paper is to be presented in the School of Criminology in a publicly advertised forum. The practicum paper does not require and should not contain original data.
Satisfactory Performance
The candidate’s progress is assessed at least once per year by the school (spring and fall). A student who performs unsatisfactorily is not permitted to continue in the program, subject to the review procedure described in Graduate General Regulation 1.8.2.
Applied Legal Studies (Notaries Public) Program
This master’s program is for students intending to practice as notaries public. The degree is granted on the successful completion of a 16 month course of study, and prepares students for admission to notarial practice (subject to further requirements that are set out below), and for business and public service.
The number of students entering notarial practice in British Columbia is ultimately governed by the Society of Notaries Public of British Columbia, and accordingly, conferral of this degree is no guarantee of a position in either the necessary years of articles (described below) or in notarial practice. However, enrolment in the program is limited to approximate the number of future openings anticipated in the province.
Admission Requirements
Applicants should regard their satisfaction of the entrance requirements as meaning only that they are eligible for selection. Because of the competition for admission, a regular applicant must have an undergraduate academic average substantially higher than the minimum in order to have a reasonable chance of admission. Certain factors such as financial hardship, learning disabilities or other disadvantages, or ethnic background, may be considered in the discretionary category. Note that only a limited number of positions will be available each year in the discretionary category.
To be eligible for selection, an applicant must have
• obtained an undergraduate degree in an approved course of study from a degree granting university with a cumulative grade point average of 3.0 or higher, or
• successful completion of 90 or more units of an approved course of study leading to an undergraduate degree at a degree-granting university with a cumulative grade point average of 3.0 or higher, and possess sufficient and appropriate work experience relevant to notarial practice that, in the view of the admissions committee, compensates for the lack of a completed degree, or
• met the criteria for discretionary applicants as set out below
Applicants are responsible for providing full documentation. Incomplete applications will not be evaluated.
Discretionary Applicants
Special life factors may impede the ability of an otherwise promising candidate to satisfy some of the regular admission criteria. Accordingly, the admissions committee may consider factors such as age, disability, financial disadvantage, membership in an historically disadvantaged group, or any other factors that the applicant identifies. These factors are considered in the context of the applicant’s life achievements and work experience, including community or charitable volunteerism.
Discretionary applicants must have completed the first two years of an approved course of study leading to an undergraduate degree at an approved college or university. A personal statement, two reference letters and, where appropriate, documentation such as medical reports are required. Each applicant is considered individually on their merits. An interview before the admissions committee may be required.
Application
Potential applicants are strongly encouraged to contact the Society of Notaries Public of British Columbia before submitting an application.
The following must be submitted by February 1.
• completed application form which can be obtained from the Dean of Graduate Studies website
• all post-secondary academic transcripts
• application fee of $75
• other documentation as required (e.g. letters of reference, medical certificates, special circumstances letters, or other supporting documentation for discretionary applicants)
Degree Requirements
The following ten graduate courses are required. Courses are offered in the following sequence.
Fall Term
ALS 601-3 Canadian Law and Legal System
ALS 602-3 Legal Research and Writing
ALS 603-3 Legal Philosophy
Spring Term
ALS 610-3 Contracts
ALS 611-3 Real Property I
ALS 620-3 Selected Topics in Applied Legal Studies
Summer Intersession
ALS 612-3 Real Property II
ALS 615-3 Personal Planning
Fall Term
ALS 630-6 Topics in Legal Practice
ALS 631-3 MA Examination
Fall term courses employ a mixed mode of delivery where students attend campus for two weeks at the term’s start, and for one week at the end. Weeks three through 12 are delivered via distance education. Students attend campus for the summer intersession (from early May to mid June). The final capstone course follows the same mixed delivery mode when students complete a final examination (normally toward the end of the fourth term) that shows mastery and critical engagement with the depth and breadth of the program’s subject matter.
Those who do not wish notary public accreditation may be permitted to substitute up to two courses with the approval of criminology’s director of graduate programs. Only one of these courses may be a directed readings course.
Admission Requirements
The minimum admission requirements are stated in “1.3.4 Admission to a Doctoral Program” on page 220. Normally, an applicant should have at least one course in social science research methods and one undergraduate introductory statistics course. Direct admission may be approved for those with an MA in criminology, an MA in a discipline other than criminology, or an MSc and, under exceptional circumstances, with an undergraduate degree or its equivalent with a minimum 3.5 CGPA.
Applicants submit a research interests statement and at least two previous academic work examples.
In exceptional circumstances, those with a BA (or equivalent) may be admitted if University regulations are met, original undergraduate research is demonstrated, and the applicant is recommended for direct entry by at least two criminology faculty who are eligible to teach or supervise in the PhD program. Those who meet the GPA requirement and have demonstrated research ability through field criminal justice experience may also be considered on recommendation of at least two program faculty members. Those so admitted will have their status reviewed by the end of the second term after admission. The graduate program committee determines the candidate’s ability to complete the PhD by direct entry. The student will either be confirmed as an approved PhD candidate or directed to seek master’s program admission.
Because many disciplines are allied to criminology, the graduate program committee reserves the right to determine equivalent courses already completed in the applicant’s master’s program. At the time of admission, the graduate program committee may waive up to 15 units of requirements.
An application fee of $75 (Canadian) is paid online by charge card at time of application submission. The deadline for receipt of the online application and supporting documents, for entrance commencing in the fall term, is February 1. Applicants will be informed of the outcome as soon as possible thereafter.
Note: Although applicants with two prior degrees from the School of Criminology may be accepted into the PhD program, this is not considered a good practice.
Degree Requirements
PhD candidates must complete a minimum of 33 units consisting of
• at least three research methods courses (nine units)
• theories of crime I (three units)
• proseminar (three units)
• at least 18 units selected from additional curriculum offerings
• achieve satisfactory completion and oral defence of an original PhD thesis
A maximum of nine units may be completed in another department or university with supervisory committee and graduate program committee approval. These courses may be accepted as partially meeting PhD program requirements.
All students write comprehensive/preliminary exams in two curriculum areas: theory and methods. Normally, students are expected to finish courses and comprehensives within two years of program entry.
Dissertation Procedures
In the term after comprehensive exams are passed, candidates develop a thesis prospectus based on original research defining the proposed investigation and demonstrates the relationship between it and existing scholarship. The thesis proposal is presented to the supervisory committee and, on approval, is circulated to faculty and resident graduate students and presented at a colloquium.
The thesis is defended in oral examination by an examining committee constituted under “1.9.3 Examining Committee for Doctoral Thesis” on page 224 in the Graduate General Regulations.
Satisfactory Performance
The progress of each candidate is assessed at least twice a year (spring and fall). Students who perform unsatisfactorily may not continue, subject to review procedures of unsatisfactory progress described in “1.8.2 Review of Unsatisfactory Progress” on page 223 of the Graduate General Regulations.
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